.. index:: Investing
.. _investing:

Investing
===========
| Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investment

.. warning:: Like the rest of this documentation set,
   this is not to be taken as financial advice;
   or advice of any kind.

Basics
-------

* https://www.investor.gov/investing-basics
* http://www.fool.com/investing/basics/index.aspx
* http://www.investopedia.com/investing/investing-basics/
* http://www.investopedia.com/university/beginner/
* http://www.wikinvest.com/site/Guide_to_Investing
* https://finance.yahoo.com/education/begin_investing


.. index:: Cash flow
.. _cash flow:

Cash flow
++++++++++++++++++++++
| Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cash_flow


.. index:: Revenue
.. _revenue:

Revenue
~~~~~~~~~
| Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revenue

* Gross Revenue
* Net Revenue: revenue after [returns, chargebacks, ...]
* http://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/102714/what-are-difference-between-gross-revenue-reporting-and-net-revenue-reporting.asp


.. index:: Accounting Equation
.. _accounting equation:

Accounting Equation
+++++++++++++++++++++
| Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accounting_equation
| Investopedia: http://www.investopedia.com/terms/a/accounting-equation.asp

    * `Assets`_ = `Liabilities`_ + `Equity`_
    * `Liabilities`_ = `Assets <asset>`_ - `Equity`_
    * `Equity`_ = `Assets <asset>`_ - `Liabilities <liability>`_


.. index:: Equity
.. _equity:

Equity
~~~~~~~
| Wikipedia: `<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equity_(finance)>`__
| Investopedia: http://www.investopedia.com/terms/e/equity.asp


    `Equity`_ = `Assets <asset>`_ - `Liabilities <liability>`_


.. index:: Asset
.. _asset:

========
Asset
========
| Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asset
| Investopedia: http://www.investopedia.com/terms/a/asset.asp


.. index:: Liability
.. _liability:

==============
Liability
==============
| Wikipedia: `<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liability_(financial_accounting)>`__
| Investopedia: http://www.investopedia.com/terms/l/liability.asp


.. index:: Financial Statement
.. _financial statement:

Financial Statement
+++++++++++++++++++++
| Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_statement
| Investopedia: http://www.investopedia.com/terms/f/financial-statements.asp
| Investopedia: http://www.investopedia.com/university/financialstatements/

* 


.. index:: Capitalization Table
.. _capitalization table:

Capitalization table
++++++++++++++++++++++
| Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capitalization_table
| Investopedia: http://www.investopedia.com/terms/c/capitalization-table.asp

A Capitalization table (*Cap table*) lists ownership stakes in
a [new] venture.

There are a number of :ref:`SaaS` :term:`web applications <web
application>` for managing cap tables (and, most importantly,
generating valuation reports).

* eShares

  https://esharesinc.com/
* CapShares

  https://www.capshare.com/


.. index:: Option
.. _option:

Option
++++++++++
| Wikipedia: `<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Option_(finance)>`__
| Investopedia: http://www.investopedia.com/terms/o/option.asp
| Investopedia: http://www.investopedia.com/university/options/option.asp


.. index:: Stock Option
.. _stock option:

Stock Option
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
| Wikipedia: `<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Option_(finance)>`__
| Investopedia: http://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/stockoption.asp

A stock option is a type of `Option`_.


.. index:: Employee Stock Option
.. _employee stock option:

======================
Employee Stock Option
======================
| Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Employee_stock_option


.. index:: SAFE
.. _safe:

SAFE
++++++
| Homepage: https://www.ycombinator.com/documents/
| Docs: https://www.ycombinator.com/docs/SAFE_Primer.rtf
| Docs: https://www.ycombinator.com/docs/SAFE_Cap.rtf
| Docs: https://www.ycombinator.com/docs/SAFE_Discount.rtf
| Docs: https://www.ycombinator.com/docs/SAFE_Cap_Discount.rtf
| Docs: https://www.ycombinator.com/docs/SAFE_MFN.rtf

* https://blog.ycombinator.com/announcing-the-safe-a-replacement-for-convertible-notes
* https://www.quora.com/Y-Combinator/What-are-the-pros-and-cons-of-YCs-new-SAFE-securities-versus-convertible-notes
* https://www.cooleygo.com/documents/y-combinator-safe-financing-document-generator/



.. index:: Investing Strategies
.. _investing strategies:

Investing Strategies
-----------------------
| Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Financial_markets_navigation


.. index:: Investing Styles
.. _investing styles:

Investing Styles
++++++++++++++++++
| Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investment_style
| Investopedia: http://www.investopedia.com/terms/i/investing_style.asp
| Investopedia: 

.. index:: Value Investing
.. _value investing:

Value Investing
+++++++++++++++++
| Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Value_investing
| Investopedia: http://www.investopedia.com/terms/v/valueinvesting.asp
| Investopedia: http://www.investopedia.com/university/value-investing/


See:

* `Financial Statement`_


.. index:: Buy and hold
.. _buy and hold:

Buy and Hold
++++++++++++++
| Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buy_and_hold

* `Value investing`_ is a Buy and Hold investing strategy / style.


.. index:: Day trading
.. _day trading:

Day trading
+++++++++++++
| Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Day_trading

* Daytrading is not `Buy and Hold`_ investing


.. index:: Algorithmic trading
.. _algorithmic trading:

Algorithmic trading
+++++++++++++++++++++
| Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithmic_trading

See:

* `Quantopian`_ (`Quantopian Open`_)


High Frequency Trading
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
| Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-frequency_trading


Stock Market Crash
++++++++++++++++++++
| Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stock_market_crash

* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wall_Street_Crash_of_1929 ("Black Tuesday")

  * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Depression

* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308
* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010_Flash_Crash


Recession
++++++++++++
| Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recession

* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recession#Predictors
* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recession#Stock_market


.. index:: Quantitative analyst
.. _quantitative analyst:

Quantitative analyst
+++++++++++++++++++++
| Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantitative_analyst

See also:

* :ref:`Data Science` (for more domain-independent analyses)


Tools
--------


.. index:: pandas
.. _pandas:

pandas
++++++++
| Wikipedia: `<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandas_(software)>`__
| Homepage: http://pandas.pydata.org/
| Src: https://github.com/pydata/pandas
| PyPI: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/pandas
| Docs: http://pandas.pydata.org/pandas-docs/stable/
| Docs: http://pandas.pydata.org/pandas-docs/stable/install.html
| Docs: http://pandas.pydata.org/pandas-docs/stable/10min.html
| Docs: https://pandas-docs.github.io/pandas-docs-travis/whatsnew.html
| Docs: https://pandas-docs.github.io/pandas-docs-travis/contributing.html

Pandas (:ref:`Python` data analysis) is a library for 
:ref:`data science` (and statistics).

* Pandas requires :ref:`Cython`, :ref:`NumPy`,
  and a number of additional libraries.

  .. code:: bash

      conda install pandas

  * https://github.com/westurner/notebooks/blob/gh-pages/install.sh

* http://pandas.pydata.org/pandas-docs/stable/ecosystem.html


.. index:: pandas-datareader
.. _pandas-datareader:

pandas-datareader
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
| Src: https://github.com/pydata/pandas-datareader
| Docs: https://pandas-datareader.readthedocs.io/en/latest/

* Yahoo! Finance
* Google Finance
* FRED
* Fama/French
* World Bank
* OECD
* Eurostat
* EDGAR Index


.. index:: Quandl
.. _quandl:

Quandl
++++++++
| Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quandl
| Homepage:  https://www.quandl.com/
| Src:  https://github.com/quandl
| Docs: https://www.quandl.com/docs/api


.. index:: quandl-python
.. quandl-python:

quandl-python
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
| Homepage: https://www.quandl.com/tools/python
| PyPI: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/Quandl
| Src: https://github.com/quandl/quandl-python
| Docs: https://www.quandl.com/help/python


* quandl-python requires :ref:`NumPy`,
  which is really easy to install with :ref:`Conda`.

  .. code:: bash

      conda install numpy pandas requests pip
      pip install quandl-python


.. index:: Quantlib
.. _quantlib:

QuantLib
++++++++++
| Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QuantLib
| Homepage: http://quantlib.org/
| Twitter: https://twitter.com/quantlib
| Src: https://github.com/lballabio/QuantLib
| Docs: http://quantlib.org/docs.shtml
| Docs: http://quantlib.org/install.shtml

Quantlib is a library for
:ref:`Quantitative analysis <quantitative analyst>` written in
:ref:`C++`.

* :ref:`QuantLib-Python` is one wrapper library / language binding
  for QuantLib.
* There are many language bindings for QuantLib:

  http://quantlib.org/extensions.shtml


.. index:: pyql
.. _pyql:

pyql
~~~~~~
| Src: https://github.com/enthought/pyql

pyql is a :ref:`Cython` package for working with parts of
:ref:`QuantLib`.

.. .. index:: QuantLib-Python
.. .. _quantlib-python:
..
.. QuantLib-Python
.. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
.. | PyPI: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/QuantLib-Python
..
.. QuantLib-Python is a :ref:`Python` library for working with
.. :ref:`QuantLib`.


.. index:: Quantopian
.. _quantopian:

Quantopian
+++++++++++
| Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantopian
| Homepage:  https://www.quantopian.com/
| Twitter: https://twitter.com/quantopian
| Src: https://github.com/quantopian
| Docs: https://www.quantopian.com/help
| Docs: https://www.quantopian.com/tutorials/getting-started
| Docs: https://www.quantopian.com/tutorials/

Quantopian is a crowd-sourced hedge fund.

* Quantopian offers free hosted :ref:`IPython` notebooks
  with :ref:`Pandas`, :ref:`Zipline`, and minutely data from 2002
  for algorithmic backtesting and live-trading.

  * https://www.quantopian.com/posts/live-minutely-data-new-to-quantopian

* You own your intellectual property.
* You can choose to share your research and algorithms with the
  community; who can clone and modify at will.

  + Sample Mean Reversion algorithm:
    https://www.quantopian.com/algorithms/56f32bbf633c20776d000108
  + 100 most-popular cloned algorithms:
    https://www.quantopian.com/posts/community-algorithms-migrated-to-quantopian-2


.. index:: Quantopian Open
.. _quantopian open:

Quantopian Open
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
| Homepage: https://www.quantopian.com/open

* https://www.quantopian.com/open/rules
* https://www.quantopian.com/leaderboard
* https://www.quantopian.com/fund


.. index:: Zipline
.. _zipline:

Zipline
~~~~~~~~
| Src: https://github.com/quantopian/zipline
| PyPI: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/zipline
| Docs: http://www.zipline.io/

Zipline is an :ref:`Algorithmic trading` library written in
:ref:`Python`.

* Zipline does backtesting. ("How would this trading algorithm have
  perfomed based upon historical data?")
* Zipline does live-trading. ("When to buy/sell?")
* :ref:`Quantopian` hosts zipline (and other components).


.. index:: qgrid
.. _qgrid:

qgrid
~~~~~~
| Src: https://github.com/quantopian/qgrid
| PyPI: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/qgrid
| Docs: https://qgrid.readthedocs.io/en/latest/

qgrid is "An Interactive Grid for Sorting and Filtering
[:ref:`Pandas`] DataFrames in :ref:`IPython Notebook`.

See Also
++++++++++
* :ref:`data science` > :ref:`data visualization`